Belajar Bahasa Indonesia

Pak (from bapak -father ) is used by a child to address his father or an old man, a student to his male teacher, a sub-ordinate to his superior, etc. Similarly, bu (from ibu-mother) is used to address one's mother, lady teacher, or one's lady superior.

Ini buku saya. (This is my book). Ini buku anda. (This is your book). Ini buku dia. or Ini bukunya. (This is his book).   It is important to remember the word order. The noun is preceded by the modifier.

BUKAN is used to negate a noun. Itu bukan meja.(That is not a table). TIDAK is used to negate a verb, adjective. Hidupnya tidak bahagia. (His life is not happy).

I was born and raised in East Java.

Saudara is used as a form of address, which is equivalent to gentleman, Sir, Madam, etc. It is usually used in formal situation. Saudara is used in formal situations to refer to the addressee. It is used by government officials, new acquaintances, teachers to adult students. In writing, the word saudara is often abbreviated as sdr. Nyonya = Mrs. is sometimes used to address a married lady teacher.

Notice the absence of to be ; however, in written Indonesian you may use the word adalah in equation sentences before nouns, e.g. Ini adalah buku. Also notice the absence of a or an before nouns.

Ini refers to an object(s) near the speaker while itu refers to a distant object(s). Demonstrative pronoun is a word that can be used to point at something such as ini (this) and itu (that). Ini and itu can be placed before a noun phrases to mean this is/was or these are/were. Ini komputer saya. Itu kantor Pak Mark. Ini and itu can also be placed after noun. Buku ini bagus.

Apa , is often used to transform a statement into an interrogative sentence. Ini buku (statement) Apa ini buku?(interrogative sentence) In some cases apa is not used to form an interrogative sentence, but through changing the intonation in the statement. Thus: Ini buku? It should be noted that in formal conversation the usage of apa is preferred when forming an interrogative sentence. Ini buku (This is a book). Apa ini buku? (Is this a book?)  Apa is used to ask about something; it can be used at the beginning or the end of a question.

Selamat, followed by either pagi (3 am - 11 am), siang (11 am - 3 pm), sore (3 pm - 6 pm), and malam (6 pm - 3 am), is used as greetings.

Indonesians often shake hands when meeting each other.

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